China to deploy forces in Myanmar amid threat to its investments from rebels

China is planning to deploy private security forces to protect its investments and personnel in Myanmar, replicating the approach it has taken in Pakistan, amid growing unrest and anti-China sentiment among rebel groups in the country. According to intelligence reports, China and Myanmar’s military are collaborating to establish a joint security firm aimed at safeguarding Chinese projects and workers.

The developments have forced China to reconsider its strategy in the region amid deepening engagement with the Myanmar military.

Last month, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi met Myanmar’s military leaders, followed by military chief General Min Aung Hlaing, in Beijing. The visit was seen as an attempt to strengthen the alliance between China and Myanmar’s military junta, which overthrew the elected government in 2021.

As a result, rebel groups opposing military rule have begun viewing China as a direct supporter of the regime. Local armed groups are likely to view Chinese forces as foreign aggressors, potentially escalating violence, and unrest.

The situation is similar to what China faces in Pakistan, where Baloch insurgents frequently attack Chinese projects.

REBEL CONTROL NEAR CHINA-MYANMAR BORDER

The situation has become even more precarious as rebel groups have seized control of key areas near the China-Myanmar border. The Myanmar military has struggled to reclaim these regions, further jeopardising Chinese interests.

China’s direct involvement in Myanmar’s internal conflict, coupled with its overt support for the military regime, is fuelling resentment among local communities and insurgents. This not only threatens the viability of projects like the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC) but also risks further destabilising Myanmar.

INDIA-MYANMAR RELATIONS AND CHINA’S CONCERNS

India and Myanmar have historically maintained stable political and strategic ties. However, China often views India’s friendly relations with neighbouring countries as a threat and counters this by providing extensive financial aid, arms, and economic deals to these nations. This strategy, part of China’s broader Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), often pushes smaller countries into crippling debt, leaving them with little choice but to align with Beijing’s interests.

While China’s flagship project in Pakistan, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), has faced significant challenges, Beijing embarked on a similar venture in Myanmar — the CMEC.

However, Myanmar’s ongoing civil conflict since the 2021 military coup has significantly complicated the situation. Rebel groups opposing the military regime have escalated violence, making Chinese projects and personnel targets for attacks.